Symbiotic interactions between users and intelligent systems

In 1960, J.C.R. Licklider published the seminal man computer symbiosis paper. In this paper, he set the vision for computer research for many years to come. He foresaw a future beyond the punch cards of the time when men and computers would cooperate on decision making and would work together in flexible, non-preprogrammed teams. We have yet to achieve this vision. This article serves as an introduction to the following topics: mobile computers in the form of robots; computer use to augment cognition of humans; and collaboration between humans mediated by computers.