Multi-fidelity space mapping modeling of microwave devices with double coarse model processing and functional approximation

Efficient space mapping (SM) modeling of microwave devices assuming a tight limit on the number of fine model evaluations is discussed. The proposed method exploits a two-stage modeling procedure. The standard space mapping surrogate enhanced by a functional approximation layer using coarse-mesh EM simulation data is created in the first stage. This surrogate model is then updated in the second stage through space-mapping-based matching to the fine-mesh EM simulation responses at a limited number of base locations (designs). It is demonstrated that the proposed approach improves modeling accuracy in comparison to the standard SM method with no extra fine model evaluations required to set up the model.