Energy efficient design and simulation of a demand controlled heating and ventilation unit in a metro vehicle

This paper presents a new control scheme for a heating and ventilation (HV) unit of metro vehicles and a realistic thermal simulation of the HV-unit´s power consumption during operation. The model consists of the vehicle body with HV-unit, control scheme, operational and weather conditions, respectively. An additional model for the CO₂-level in the vehicle is utilized to design the proposed control structure, which aims at controlling both indoor temperature and CO₂-level. The simulation is performed for realistic operational and weather data over one year for a given geographical location in order to assess the energy saving potential of the proposed HV-control. Simulation results indicate that savings of some 325MWh or 150t CO₂ greenhouse gas can be expected per train and year (12 HV-units per train).