Integration of Distributed Generation for network loss minimization and voltage support using Particle Swarm Optimization

In this paper, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is employed to size and locate Distributed Generation (DG) in a distribution network to provide a more effective loss reduction and voltage support. Unlike most previous studies, DG nodes are modelled as generator (PV) nodes in this study. Three network scenarios are considered: a network with no generation but with reactive power compensation capacitors, the same network with the inclusion of a DG and the network operating with DG but no capacitive VAr compensation. Scenario one network is considered as the base case. For scenario two and three network, two cases are considered. The first involves the integration of one generator of optimal size and at an optimal location to minimise network losses. The second case considers the optimisation of the size of a single generator connected at the minimum voltage bus. The study is carried out on a 16-bus radial distribution network. The results show that DG is effective in minimizing network power loss and providing ancillary service of voltage support when operated to inject real power and regulate the node voltage to which it is connected. Results of the optimization process show that the simultaneous application of shunt capacitors and DG produced the best loss reduction and network voltage profile.