Interface specifications for a global grounding topology

After briefly reviewing the global bonding and grounding environment in general terms, specific interface requirements of telecommunication equipment which are needed to ensure robustness and reliability in the global environment, are discussed in detail. Areas covered in the discussion include communication links (both AC and DC coupled types), DC and AC power source referencing, safety requirements and noise immunity to direct current, mains frequency, wide-band and lightning transients. Also included are rationale for the various requirements and, where necessary, specification of appropriate hardware. It is concluded that equipment designed for compliance with the proposed bonding and interface standards will be sufficiently robust to be installed in accordance with any national standards, operating company practices and bonding/grounding topologies without redesign, internal changes or circuit modifications. Utilization of a common set of specifications will also enhance harmonization of design and testing standards within the global community and may possibly serve as a catalyst for development of a common, international standard. Deployment of equipment and systems designed in conformance with the proposed set of standards is expected to occur in the near future and will allow verification of the interface specifications with practical application of appropriate testing methods