Doppler Shift Distribution of Target Moving above Random Rough Surface

This paper is concerned with an analysis of the back scattering of electromagnetic waves from a target flying just above a random rough surface (RRS) such as desert, hilly terrain, sea surface and so on. First we introduce the discrete ray tracing method (DRTM) for electromagnetic field analyses. Second we investigate the effect of clutter due to the back scattering from RRS. Finally we show some numerical examples for back scattering from a target flying above Gaussian type of RRSs with arbitrary height deviation (dv) and correlation length (cl). It is demonstrated that clutters caused by reflections from RRS are much more predominant than the subtracted back scattering obtained by direct rays between radar and target together with indirect rays between them via reflections from RRS. Statistics of Doppler shift are also discussed.