Transformer modeling approaches for Frequency Response Analysis

Transformer modeling is a task nearly as old as transformer manufacturing. The methodology and principles used to build the model depend on its application, that will require specific features regarding aspects like frequency range, degree of accuracy, type of the model parameters and so on. The diagnosis of the transformer based on the Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) technique is one of the latest applications where transformer modeling has demonstrated that could be a useful tool. However, it is a difficult task and extended research is needed. In this paper, the particular features of the FRA oriented models will be discussed and the different and heterogeneous solutions available in the literature will be sorted, classified and analyzed. Problems in FRA oriented transformer modeling are indicated and possible future trends are exposed.