Connection technique for aluminum conductors in LV and MV power distribution systems-characteristics and field experience

The stepped deep indentation (PPE) technique for aluminum conductor connection is described. The PPE technique is the crimping of a connector, using a cylindrical or oblong punch with two cone steps and a die fully enclosing the connector (closed die) so as to properly control the deformation of the cable and connector. The basic change with respect to the former deep indentation technique is the double taper of the punch, which provides perfect filling of the connector barrel. whatever the compression ratio of the crimped cable. The test criteria and conditions are discussed. The PPE technique is outlined, focusing on the main features, the current product range, and field experience. For this method the joint, basic tooling, crimping operations, and applications are described