Advanced substation protection and control-design and introduction of the second generation

The first coordinated substation protection and control system, LSA, was commissioned in 1986. Currently about 200 systems are in successful operation at all voltage levels up to 400 kV. Building on this large base of experience, an advanced second generation system of LSA has been developed. The authors describe the upgraded system with focus on the application aspects. The trend to integrate protection and control components into HV switchgear is discussed in terms of performance and cost. Additionally an enhanced RTU version of the LSA system is presented. It is an alternative solution for substation automation, in particular for the upgrading of existing substations. A novel parametrising and documentation system LSATOOLS is additionally covered which enables supplier independent system modification and extension, and ensures a consistent database