European electronic tolling and charging research

The authors are co-ordinating a support action for the European Commission that is facilitating convergence activities in several technical areas, including automatic debiting and toll collection, and have also been involved in specific charging research for the Commission. The paper aims to provide a review of the major research projects funded within the European Commission´s Fourth Framework Programme, concerned with aspects of electronic tolling. The background to the developments is described together with an outline of the projects and their status