Progress of millimeter wave radiometers sensitivity, designing a wideband low noise amplifier

In order to advance accurate and rate of chemical gas detections under different weather conditions and in susceptible places such as petrochemical and nuclear power plants, there is a need for more improvement detection sensitivity of radiometers. These sensitive systems detect blackbody radiations over a narrow range of the EM spectrum which are a linear measure of the temperature of the scene at millimeter wave lengths (1-300 GHz). By recent advances in HEMT technology to decrease gate length in nanometer size and consequently reducing noise figure, design and improvement of MMIC LNAs are so crucial and useful. Hence, in this paper, it has been investigated and demonstrated progression of minimum detectable sensitivity about tens of millikelvin, by utilizing the designed LNA in front-end configuration of radiometers. Also due to broad bandwidth of the designed LNA, data time integration has been reduced which plays important role in chemical leaks detection quickly.