From weak to strong, dead or alive? an analysis of some mutation testing issues

The authors argue that strong mutation testing and weak mutation testing are in fact extreme ends of a spectrum of mutation approaches. The term firm mutation is introduced to represent the middle ground in this spectrum. The authors also argue, by means of a number of small examples, that there is a potential problem concerning the criterion for deciding whether a mutant is dead or live. A variety of solutions are suggested. Practical considerations for a firm-mutation testing system, with greater user control over the nature of result comparison, are discussed. Such a system is currently under development as part of an interpretive development environment