Robust digital image watermarking based on normalization and the two dimensional complex wavelet transform

In this study, a new digital image watermarking algorithm based on moment-based image normalization and the two dimensional complex wavelet transform (2D-CWT) was developed. Normalization provides robustness against geometrical distortions, while the 2D-CWT increases robustness for attacks such as noise, linear and nonlinear filtering, JPEG compression. That added watermark satisfies both transparency and robustness requirements was achieved by taking the properties of the human visual system account.