Effect of geometry on propagation of action potentials in neurons; an in silico analysis

Deformation of neuron structure can induce abnormalities in action potential propagation in nervous system, which is a potential threat from viewpoint of medical science. The effect of geometrical changes and deformation of neuron structure on the propagation of action potential has been studied theoretically. The theoretical model is based on modified cable equation considering spatial changes of the neuron structure, incorporating the different ionic currents´ components. The results of our analysis reveal that the morphology of the neuron has a significant effect on properties of action potential propagation in the neuron. We have shown that alteration of the velocity of propagation, and the broadening of action potential pulses directly correspond to the changes in the morphology of neuron fiber. The rates of changes in the above mentioned electrophysiological parameters accord with the rate and type of shape deformation.