The interdependence of supercomputer and microprocessor development

The concept of new development of supercomputer systems in an environment of strong competition with systems on new powerful microprocessors is discussed. From the analysis of the history of supercomputers and microprocessors one can come to a conclusion that the most important achievements in architecture and hardware was obtained during supercomputer design and the development of microprocessors was based on these achievements. The more rapid increase of performance of microprocessors in comparison with traditional supercomputers leads to the necessity of the new approaches to supercomputer design. One of such approaches is based on the fact that there are several forms of parallelism in the algorithms of large tasks. The most perspective systems which will come in place of traditional supercomputers are heterogeneous supersystems which consist of several subsystems with different architecture and mode of parallelism and employ advanced technology including the most powerful microprocessors. The research and development of such supersystems will bring new dimensions in the supercomputer and microprocessor technology. Finally, the prototype of proposed supersystems is presented