Modified Patchwork Algorithm: a novel audio watermarking scheme

Author

Yeo, In-Kwon ; Kim, Hyoung Joong

Author_Institution

Dept. of Control & Instrum. Eng., Kangwon Nat. Univ., Chunchon, South Korea

fYear

2001

fDate

36982

Firstpage

237

Lastpage

242

Abstract

This paper presents the MPA (Modified Patchwork Algorithm), a statistical technique for audio watermarking in the transform domain, especially in DCT (discrete cosine transform) domain. The MPA is an extension of the patchwork algorithm. This algorithm with some sophisticated modifications is robust to withstand the type of attacks defined by SDMI (Secure Digital Music Initiative). In addition, it is shown that the embedded watermarks are made almost inaudible by adjusting the region of embedding and the strength of the noise. In order to test the quality of the proposed algorithm, 10 bits of copyright information are embedded into every 10 seconds. Experimental results show that the proposed watermarking algorithm is sustainable more than 98 percent against compression algorithms such as MP3 and AAC of 64 kbps, as well as common signal processing manipulations specified by SDMI

Keywords

audio coding; copy protection; copyright; data compression; discrete cosine transforms; Modified Patchwork Algorithm; SDMI; Secure Digital Music Initiative; audio watermarking scheme; compression algorithms; copyright; discrete cosine transform; experimental results; noise; signal processing; statistical technique; Degradation; Discrete cosine transforms; Ear; Humans; Instruments; Noise robustness; Phase change materials; Pulse modulation; Signal processing algorithms; Watermarking;

fLanguage

English

Publisher

ieee

Conference_Titel

Information Technology: Coding and Computing, 2001. Proceedings. International Conference on

Conference_Location

Las Vegas, NV

Print_ISBN

0-7695-1062-0

Type

conf

DOI

10.1109/ITCC.2001.918798

Filename

918798