Acute Toxicity Effects of Naphthlene, Phenanthene and Pyrene on Spraus macrocephalus, Embryos

In this paper, the zygotes of Spraus macrocephalus were used to test the short-term toxicity effects of selected PAHs (naphthlene, phenanthene and pyrene) in in order to facilitate risk assessment of those compounds to the marine fishery environment. The results showed that the three PAHs could result in a series of toxicity effects on the incubation of zygotes, including cell division, the zygotes embryo development, and apparatus differentiation; and the stage of embryo forming was most sensitive. The relationship between the dose of the three PAHs and toxic effects is S-curve. The sensitive range of lethal concentrations of naphthlene, phenanthene and pyrene are 5-9, 0.05-0.5, 0.05-0.4 mg/L respectively. The sensitive range of teratogenic concentrations of naphthlene, phenanthene and pyrene are 0.01-4, 0.05-0.3, 0.05-0.3 mg/L respectively. The 48h LC₅₀ of naphthlene, phenanthene and pyrene are 6.95, 0.178, 0.118mg/L respectively. The 48h EC₅₀ of naphthlene, phenanthene and pyrene are 1.306, 0.115, 0.076mg/L respectively. In the three PAHs, Pyr is most toxic, then Phe and Nap to embryonic development, not only in mortality but also in abnormality. The ratio of LC₅₀:EC₅₀ of Nap, Phe and Pyr are 5.32, 1.55, 1.55 respectively. Nap has strong difference between mortality and abnormality toxicity, but Phe and Pyr has similar properties between mortality and abnormality.These data can fill in fish embryo toxicity data shortage of naphthlene, phenanthene and pyrene, and useful to improve aquatic environmental risk management.