Mobile Technology enabling Congestion charging A multi perspective analysis of the Stockholm Trial

The population of vehicles in the world increases every year and has now reached almost 1 billion. Most large cities have severe congestion and environment problems. Many cities could benefit from implementation of congestion charging systems. The City of Stockholm has done this in a large-scale trial enabled by mobile technology. The analysis of the trial is based on a multi perspective approach where three partly overlapping perspectives are used to get an understanding and overview of the trial solution regarded as a socio-technical system. The trial has proven that the used mobile technology is mature, reliable, and robust. The personal and organisational elements are more uncertain in their behaviour. These are complex elements and cannot be fully understood by cause-effect analysis. This study has shown that there is a strong interdependence between the elements and the behaviour of the whole system.