Death by grounding

Misunderstandings concerning stray current and equipotential planes are prevalent in North America. Clarification of and differences between equipotentials found in high voltage cable and in concrete encased reinforcing bar installations in concrete pads and swimming pools are explained. Misunderstanding and false interpretation of the IEEE Standard 80, ldquoGuide for Safety in AC Substation Groundingrdquo has led to flawed conclusions and the false concept of equipotential planes, which are shown to be erroneous and are debunked by tests performed in the field. Also discussed are the dangers associated with bare concentric neutral high voltage cable, the use of can and has contributed to the proliferation of stray current which has resulted in death.