Smart antenna calibration for beamforming

Discusses the use of a multibeam antenna array for DOA estimation. In particular calibration of the array is discussed in the present paper. The array needs to be calibrated because of the discrepancies in the receive channels associated with each antenna element. There is also mutual coupling between the elements of the array. If these errors or discrepancies are not taken into account during the beamforming, they can seriously degrade the accuracy of DOA estimation. The technique used in this paper is based on the generation of a weight matrix used for DOA distribution estimation, which compensates for the above error.