Application of neural networks to fault classification and protection

This paper presents the use of artificial neural networks to classify power system faults. Examples are used to demonstrate this approach for applications such as faults occurring in high voltage transmission systems, or those stored with a digital recorder. The paper proposes an adaptive scheme employing neural networks for developing digital distance relay protection schemes. High impedance faults and variable source impedance are also considered. An example, based on a three-terminal line configuration is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the method. Secondly, a discussion on the future use of NN in protection applications is given. In conclusion, the author believes that neural networks should be integrated with different computational techniques to enhance their application to fault classification and protection