Optimum multiplicative watermark detector in contourlet domain using the normal inverse Gaussian distribution

Digital watermarking has been widely used in the copyright protected images in multimedia. This paper addresses the blind watermark detection problem in contourlet domain. It is known that the contourlet coefficients of images have non-Gaussian property and can be well modelled by non-Gaussian distributions such as the normal inverse Gaussian (NIG). In view of this, we exploit this model to derive closed-form expressions for the test statistics and design an optimum blind watermark detector in the contourlet domain. Through conducting several experiments, the performance of the proposed detector is evaluated in terms of the probabilities of detection and false alarm and compared to that of the other existing detectors. It is shown that the proposed detector using the NIG distribution is superior to other detectors in terms of providing higher rate of detection. It is also shown that the proposed NIG-based detector is more robust than other detectors against attacks, such as JPEG compression and Gaussian noise.