Bond graph models of electromechanical systems. The AC generator case

A systematic exposition of modeling of electromechanical systems in the bond graph formalism is presented. After reviewing electromechanical energy conversion and torque generation, the core element present in any electromechanical system is introduced, and the corresponding electrical and mechanical ports are attached to it. No modulated elements are necessary, since the energy representation of the electromechanical system takes care of the detailed, lumped parameter, dynamics. The general framework is applied to an AC generator, and the case of permanent magnets is also considered. The corresponding bond graphs are implemented in 20 sim and simulations are then performed.