Shadow fading correlation on CDMA system

Shadowing relevant mathematical models was introduced in this paper. Spatial correlation of shadow fading depends not only on the distances between bases, but also on environment and frequency. Shadow fading can manifest itself in the degradation of the Rice channel when base stations are closely spaced. In Nakagami fading and correlated shadowing environment, the bit error rate (BER) performance of CDMA Systems was observed lower in a correlated shadowing environment compared with the uncorrelated case. Macro-diversity effects are apparent when there are multiple base stations. However, as the number of base stations increases beyond three for a cell, the effectiveness of macro-diversity decreases. Based on CDMA system, the effects of shadowing correlation is analyzed, LS code is more robust than Walsh and PN code.