A High-Fidelity and Computationally Efficient Model for Interior Permanent-Magnet Machines Considering the Magnetic Saturation, Spatial Harmonics, and Iron Loss Effect

Interior permanent-magnet (IPM) machines exhibit relatively large spatial harmonics in phase voltages and high nonlinearity in torque production due to both the presence of reluctance torque and the magnetic saturation in stator and rotor cores. To simulate the real electromagnetic behavior of IPM machines, this paper proposes a high-fidelity and computationally efficient machine model considering the magnetic saturation, the spatial harmonics, and the iron loss effect based on the inverse solution of the flux linkages extracted via finite-element analysis (FEA). Neither FEA nor a derivative computation is involved in the time-stepping simulation; thereby, the proposed model is computationally efficient and numerically robust. The high fidelity of the proposed machine model is validated by both the FEA and the experimental results.