Operational costs modeling improvements in short term hydrothermal coordination

This paper deals with the total operational costs modeling in the short term hydro-thermal coordination. An improvement concerning the thermal unit start-up and shutdown costs is presented. The treatment of final reservoir states in different type of hydroplants is analyzed and its modeling using the penalty term in the objective function is suggested. In other words, the approach to the modeling of costs associated with the excessive usage of water during the optimization period is defined in detail. Besides, the model is completed with pumping plants which, as far as the authors know, have not been covered in technical literature up to now.