Implementation of a distance protection scheme using Real-Time Digital Simulator

Electrical protection plays an important role in the transmission of electricity. This is due to the mere fact that human control can cause disruption in transmitting the electricity to the end-user. Distance protection, which forms part of electrical protection, is one of the most important types of protection to ensure the continuity of supply to the end-users. Proper electrical protection measures are required to avoid the damages on the overhead line equipment and to maintain continuity of the supply to the end users. The paper investigates problem formulation, algorithms, and methods used in the distance protection scheme development. This paper determines the relay configuration settings and describes how to implement the distance protection into the power system network by using the Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). The power system network is modelled in the RSCAD Software and the operation of the distance relay is analysed with the help of the three zones R-X diagram. A 230 kV, 180 km transmission line is used to implement and test the MHO type distance protection scheme. The results are validated for different types of fault events on the various sections of the power system network.