Path loss slope based cell selection and handover in heterogeneous networks

This paper presents a new strategy for Cell Selection and Handover in a Heterogeneous Networks based on the estimated Path Loss Slope value. It is shown that, there exists a free space propagation medium in all propagation environments due to Fresnel Zones and path loss slope within this zone is similar to free space propagation medium. This forms the basis of our development of the present work. The salient feature of the proposed work has two main considerations (a) The cell radius of Small Cells must be within the first Fresnel zone break point and the minimum inter-cell distance must be greater than twice of small cell radius, and (b) Optimum cell will be the one which path loss slope minimum. A prompt handover will take place when User Equipment (UE) crosses the cell boundary, because it will experience a rapid attenuation of signals due to a large attenuation slope (greater than free space). Once the handover is successful, a Ping-Pong effect is unlikely, since the difference in the receive signal level between the old and new cell increases rapidly. This will also reduce improper cell selection and call drop probability, thus enhancing the quality of service of the network as well.