A new compact folded patch GPS antenna using meander line

A novel miniature folded square patch antenna is proposed and developed for the Global Positioning System (GPS). By folding four different lengths of meander strips connected to the four edges of the square patch, the single coaxial-feed square patch antenna is a circularly polarized antenna. Proper positioning of the coaxial-feed on the square patch excites two orthogonal resonant modes with 900 phase difference, and the pure circular polarization is achieved. The prototype had been designed, fabricated and found to have an impedance bandwidth of 2.1% and a 3-dB axial-ratio (AR) bandwidth of about 0.76% at GPS frequency of 1575 MHz.