Design of a microstrip antenna using square Sierpinski fractal EBG structure

In this paper, a detailed design, development and performance evaluation of a microstrip antenna, which uses a square Sierpinski fractal electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure in the ground plane, is introduced. This antenna is designed for 2.4 GHz applications and uses a low cost FR-4 printed circuit board with a relative dielectric constant of 4.3, thickness of 1.6 mm and loss tangent of 0.025. The results indicate that the use of Square Sierpinski fractal EBG structure helps to suppress the harmonics. The size of the patch is greatly reduced. Moreover, the realized gain and bandwidth are significantly improved in comparison with the analogous microstrip antenna without EBG.