Enhancing the lifetime of WSNs through fuzzy logic based hierarchical cluster-heads formation approach

This paper attempts to enhance the lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) by using a fuzzy logic based hierarchical Cluster-heads formation approach. In order to enhance the lifetime of the Wireless Sensor Network, a two-level hierarchy of Cluster-heads is formed. At the initial level of the two-level hierarchy, a node with high residual energy and centrality is selected as the Cluster-head. Cluster-heads are elected for every cluster in the network by using the above said two descriptors. At the final level of the two-level hierarchy, a Chief Cluster-head is selected for the entire network. Out of the elected Cluster-heads in the network, the Cluster-head with high residual energy, with a low concentration and nearer to the base station is selected as the Chief Cluster-head. All the Cluster-heads of the clusters in the network will aggregate the data received from other sensor nodes in the clusters and send to the Chief Cluster-head. The Chief Cluster-head compresses the data received from the Cluster-heads and transmits to the Base station. The experimental results obtained show that the proposed approach will enhance the lifetime of the Wireless Sensor Network up to 14% in terms of alive nodes and 6% in terms of total network residual energy when compared to LEACH and FL-CHEF.