Web based de-facto standard for manufacturing

Internet technology and its infrastructure have transformed Information Systems into being Web based, mutually interconnected, flexible and scalable. New web based de-facto standards, such as the three-tier architecture, XML and Web Service, have become key technologies for manufacturing information systems like the Industrial Automation Information system. Open information technology based on Internet technology and infrastructure has been expanding its application field. Manufacturing systems should utilize technology from open de-facto standards for mutual system connectivity and inter-operability.