On fair traceable electronic cash

Credit card is currently the most popular electronic payment method on the Internet, but it is not an ideal method from the security and privacy point of view. Electronic cash solves many inherent problems of credit card, such as anonymity and off-line payment, and is generally considered as an ideal electronic payment method. However, there are issues that are yet to be satisfactorily solved, such as fair traceability and double-spending prevention of offline schemes. In this paper, we will focus on the discussion of fair traceability of electronic cash and analysis of various fair tracing mechanisms, and present a new approach of fair tracing in the customer generated fair traceable electronic cash model.