The effect of geomagnetic activity on the channel scattering functions of HF signals propagating at northerly latitudes

In this paper, parameters derived from the observations of the channel scattering functions and azimuth of arrival for HF signals propagating over two paths (one in the auroral zone, and one at latitudes affected by the mid-latitude trough) are presented. In particular, the effects of geomagnetic activity (Kp) are considered, although the effects of season, time of day, and operating frequency are also discussed. For the mid-latitude trough path, there are some significant effects with Kp, while for the auroral path this is not the case.