Electromagnetic wave scattering from sea and bare soil surfaces based on an improved two-scale model

Remote sensing applications require developing accurate models to predict radar backscattering from rough surfaces. An improved two-scale model to calculate the electromagnetic backscattering coefficients from sea and bare soil surface is investigated. The sea surface calculations are made by assuming the surface height spectrum of Elfouhaily et al. whereas the roughness of soil surface is approximated by Gaussian spectrum. The simulation results are compared with the published experimental data from ocean surface at Ku-band and for soil surface at L-band. Fairly good agreements are found for the fixed physical surface roughness parameters on these frequency bands specially, for cross polarizations. It is observed that as the roughness of the surface increases the intensity of sHH increases at low grazing angles.