Characterization of the C-Band wideband satellite-to-indoor channel for navigation services

A comprehensive measurement campaign has been carried out under ESA contract for characterizing satellite-to-indoor links at C-Band. The channel at L- and S-Bands has been widely studied; however, frequency extrapolation is not easily carried out. Measurements have been performed using a helicopter embarking both a CW transmitter and a wideband channel sounder operating at about 5.2 GHz. The receivers were placed within several buildings including a provincial and an international airport, a sky scraper and an office building. The helicopter hovered at given fixed positions (azimuths and elevations) to cover a wide range of possible illumination angles. The channel sounder used a SIMO configuration allowing angle of arrival extraction. The polarization was RHCP. The results presented are provisional and under revision, they include entry losses as a function of the incidence angle as well as r.m.s. delay spread values.