End-to-end congestion management for non-blocking multi-stage switching fabrics

In Fig. 3, we depict the average delay of packets targeting non-hotspots, for various numbers of hotspots, each over-loaded by 2.5×, under bursty arrivals, with average burst size of 36. Each request or grant may refer to up to 128 segments in a virtual-output-queue (VOQ), thus reducing control overhead. The switching fabric assumed here is a 64×64, three-stage Clos, made of CIOQ switching chips.