Explanation of synthetic aperture 3-D imaging technique via EFIE

During the experiment data processing, we find that the corner reflector can not be focused soundly using 3-D SAR with moving transmitter. Base on the phase history analysis, we find that the reason is phase reversal phenomenon, i.e., the phases of echo at different observation angle might shift π rad, and the echo cancels, rather than accumulates, to each other. To overcome this defect, 3-D SAR with fixed transmitter can be used. Since the geometry of transmitter and target remains unchanged during the observation session, its mechanism can accurately be explained using electric field integral equation (EFIE) for perfect conductor. This paper discusses the mechanism 3-D SAR with fixed transmitter based on the EFIE. Experiments are carried out to demonstrate its feasibility to image corner and cavity-shaped objects.