2 GHz sub-harmonically injectin-locked PLL with mixer-based injection timing control in 0.18 μm CMOS technology

A 2 GHz sub-harmonically injection-locked phase-locked loop (SILPLL) with a self-aligned injection window is presented. The SILPLL adopts a mixer-based self-align technique to automatically adjust the injection timing, overcoming the speed limitation of the phase detection. Circuit techniques such as a symmetrical mixer and a V/I converter with mismatch cancellation are adopted to improve injection timing accuracy. Fabricated in a 180 nm CMOS technology, the SILPLL exhibits -127 dBc/Hz phase noise at 1 MHz offset and draws 6.9 mA current from a 1.8 V power supply. The measured root-mean-square jitter integrating from 1 kHz to 40 MHz is 214 fs and the reference spur is -61 dBc.