Can you hold my hand? Physical warmth in human-robot interaction

This study investigates whether the temperature of a robot´s hand can affect perceptions of the robot as a companion. Our research empirically analyzes the responses of 39 individuals randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (1) holding a warm robot hand or (2) holding a cold robot hand or (3) not holding a robot hand. The effects of this simulated `human touch´ on HRI were examined in the context of viewing a horror film clip. Results suggest that experiences of physical warmth and handholding increase feelings of friendship and trust toward the robot. However, the discrepancy between the expectation of an actual human touch and the mechanical appearance of a robot could result in negative effects.