Electric and magnetic loop mode pattern switchable antenna

A novel radiation pattern reconfigurable planar antenna is presented. A miniaturised magnetic loop antenna is placed inside the electric loop antenna. Thus, the proposed antenna is built on a single layer and minimizes the occupied space although two antennas are introduced. The antenna can switch ELM and MLM by changing the bias voltage of the pin diodes. Radiation patterns at each mode can compensate each other´s null, due to their orthogonality. Finally, it can improve the overall system performance by choosing the operation mode depending on communication environments.