Performance analysis of automatic generation control of a two area interconnected thermal system with nonlinear governor using PSO and DE algorithm

This paper deals with design and analysis of automatic generation control (AGC) of a two area interconnected thermal power system using proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. In order to get realistic approach, both the areas are considered with reheat and governor with dead band which makes the system non-linear. The controller parameters are tuned by using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and differential evolution (DE) algorithms. Dynamic response of the PID controlled AGC tuned by both the algorithms are compared by applying 1% step load perturbation (SLP) in area-1.The cost function is derived by taking the area control errors (AEC) of both the areas. The system is checked for robustness by varying the parameters of the governor, turbine and reheat from -50% to +50% in steps of 25%. Based on analysis, facts & figures the system is found to be robust and performs better when tuned by the PSO algorithm.