Study of interaction between monopole antenna operating in TM mode and human tissue

In the paper, we describe the effect of human tissue on the behavior of a monopole antenna with a conical convex reflector operating in TM mode. We focus on two possible situations. First, we place the monopole antenna horizontally to the human tissue. Second, we turn the antenna so that the main lobe direction is oriented vertically to the human tissue. In both situations, we observe changes of antenna behavior depending on the distance of the antenna from the human tissue. We concentrate on the depth of the signal penetration into the human tissue. Therefore, we designed the monopole antenna for the ISM radio band 5.725-5.875 GHz (ITU 5.138 and 5.150). Finally, we discuss the comparison of simulation results of different antenna locations with respect to the human tissue.