PSO-based LED deployment optimization for visible light communications

The LED deployment optimization is a key technology for indoor visible light communications (VLC). This paper investigates the LED deployment problem in terms of the average outage area rate for on-off keying (OOK) modulated VLC. Based on the VLC channel model, the average outage area rate is derived on the conditions of the non-uniformity distribution of a receiver. Furthermore, an optimization problem is formulated to minimize the average outage area rate to obtain the best LED deployment. Employing the particle swarm optimization (PSO), two LED deployment schemes, i,e., single-LED-based deployment scheme and array-LED-based deployment scheme, are proposed to tackle it. The simulation results are compared using both the proposed schemes and the conventional random scheme. It is shown that the PSO-based LED deployment schemes outperform the random scheme.