Energy-Efficient Routing Based on Geo-location for Heterogeneous Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks, an interconnection of energy restrained devices used for sensing environmental variables and then transmitting these to sink by manipulating routes over communication medium between sensors and sink node. Major constraints in routing of sensed data are latency of network from source to destination and the other one is limited residual energy of nodes required for effective communication. Both of these are prime factors in designing of routing algorithms. In this paper we have selected geo-locations of nodes as principal variable for energy-efficient routing between nodes. Sensor nodes are equipped with differentiable technical specification over other nodes. Some of nodes have higher initial energies compared to other nodes and higher number of frequency channels than other nodes. Simulation and scenario has been generated in network simulator 2. Transmission power is calculated based on geo-location of nodes and tuned using software radio presets. Likeliness of forwarding packet is based on rationalizing residual energy of transmitting node and distance between nodes.