Lasing of Cesium four-level active optical clock

We are setting up an experiment to investigate an active optical clock scheme in four-level configuration with Cesium atoms. The 1469 nm Cesium active optical clock output in a bad cavity laser regime is generated and the wavelength is measured to be 1469.500 nm by using spectrometer. The 1469 nm lasing threshold and output power is measured when changing 455 nm pumping laser power and frequency. The 1469 nm Cesium active optical clock output multi-threshold is observed when changing bad-cavity length. We also sweep the bad-cavity length and measure the 1469 nm Cesium active optical clock output frequency using a wavelength meter, proving the cavity-pulling reduction due to the bad-cavity effect.