Proton-Induced K-Vacancy Production Cross Sections for Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn

Absolute K-shell x-ray-production cross sections have been measured for thin-foil targets of Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn for incident protons with energies from 500 to 2200 keV. In order to determine the x-ray production cross sections with high precision (¿ 5%), particular care was necessary in the control of experimental conditions. The overall agreement of the proton-induced cross sections with recent data obtained by other workers generally is to within 10% and frequently is to within the 5% accuracy of our results. We have developed a fundamental formulation for the impact-parameter dependence of K-shell ionization based on perturbed-stationary-state theory. Good agreement is obtained between the calculations based on this theory and our measurements of both the total and differential cross sections. In addition, comparable agreement is found with the predictions of ECPSSR theory.