A Method for Realizing the Negative-Impedance Inverter

A negative-impedance inverter (NIV) can be used to realize the negative dual of any driving-point function. This paper describes a scheme by which two controlled sources are connected in series to realize the NIV, and the basic principle involved is de-lineated. The feasibility of such a scheme is demonstrated by using, in place of each controlled source, a transistor amplifier that uses a common-base stage and a common-collector stage in cascade. The transistor amplifier requires only one power supply and is readily adaptable for integrated-circuit applications. Experimental results showing the realizability of the negative resistance, the negative capacitance, and the negative inductance by this NIV circuit are presented.