Extending the two-dimensional FDTD method to hybrid electromagnetic systems with active and passive lumped elements

Author

Sui, Wenquan ; Christensen, Douglas A. ; Durney, Carl H.

Author_Institution

Dept. of Electr. Eng., Utah Univ., Salt Lake City, UT, USA

Volume

40

Issue

4

fYear

1992

fDate

4/1/1992 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

724

Lastpage

730

Abstract

The finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) method is extended to include distributed electromagnetic systems with lumped elements (a hybrid system) and voltage and current sources. FDTD equations that include nonlinear elements like diodes and transistors are derived. Calculation of driving-point impedance is described. Comparison of FDTD calculated results with analytical results for several two-dimensional transmission-line configurations illustrates the accuracy of the method. FDTD results for a transistor model and a diode are compared with SPICE calculations. The extended FDTD method should prove useful in the design and analysis of complicated distributed systems with various active, passive, linear, and nonlinear lumped electrical components

Keywords

difference equations; distributed parameter networks; equivalent circuits; microwave circuits; time-domain analysis; transmission line theory; 2D transmission line configurations; active elements; current sources; diodes; driving-point impedance; finite-difference-time-domain; hybrid electromagnetic systems; nonlinear elements; passive lumped elements; transistors; two-dimensional FDTD method; voltage sources; Distributed parameter circuits; Electromagnetic analysis; Equivalent circuits; Finite difference methods; Impedance; Microwave theory and techniques; Nonlinear equations; SPICE; Time domain analysis; Voltage;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0018-9480

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/22.127522

Filename

127522