Magnetic torque or force calculation by direct differentiation of finite element coenergy

Author

Aronson, Eugene A. ; Brauer, John R.

Author_Institution

Sandia Nat. Lab., Albuquerque, NM, USA

Volume

25

Issue

5

fYear

1989

fDate

9/1/1989 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

3578

Lastpage

3580

Abstract

A vector-potential finite-element method for calculating magnetic force or torque by direct analytic differentiation of coenergy is derived and applied to two- and three-dimensional actuators. The results are shown to agree well with calculations using the conventional difference between coenergies at two positions and with experimental measurements. Another method of force calculation, Maxwell´s stress tensor, is also derived by differentiating the coenergy, resulting in a formula that is applicable on the surface of nonlinear materials

Keywords

actuators; electromagnetism; finite element analysis; partial differential equations; Maxwell´s stress tensor; analytic differentiation; finite element coenergy differentiation; magnetic force; magnetic torque; nonlinear material surface; three-dimensional actuators; two-dimensional actuators; vector-potential finite-element method; Actuators; Equations; Finite element methods; Force measurement; Magnetic analysis; Magnetic forces; Magnetic materials; Matrix decomposition; Tensile stress; Torque;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0018-9464

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/20.42369

Filename

42369